Examining the structural factors that led to breakdown of the US and Iran talks in Islamabad and the dangerous escalation ahead.

Two critical elements in war are the human factor and chance. The resolute will of the people, government and military in the Gulf War 3.0 as well as in the War in Ukraine since 2022 determined success in staving off the challenge from much larger and technologically superior force which no AI model can predict.

An effective strategy is essential for winning a war, so would it be for Gulf War 3.0. Strategy also provides a long-term perspective – what the War achieved not just in the immediate but also in a broader time span of decades for a nation.